Mục đích: to V / in order to V / so as to V / so that + S + can/will
- S + V + (in order) to + V · in order not to + V
- S + V + so as to + V · so as not to + V
- S + V + so that + S + can / could / will / would + V
Dùng để nói ai đó làm gì NHẰM MỤC ĐÍCH gì. Cách đơn giản nhất: to + V (I work part-time to pay my fees). in order to và so as to trang trọng hơn, hợp với Writing; phủ định đặt not ngay trước to. Khi hai vế có CHỦ NGỮ KHÁC NHAU hoặc có can/will, dùng so that + mệnh đề. Không dùng 'for + V' để nói mục đích — đây là lỗi dịch từ 'để' rất hay gặp.
| Cấu trúc | Ví dụ |
|---|---|
| to + V | She did an internship to gain experience. |
| in order to + V | Many graduates move to Hanoi in order to find better jobs. |
| in order not to + V | He left early in order not to miss the interview. |
| so as to + V | The company recruits students so as to train them early. |
| so that + S + can/could | I work from home on Mondays so that I can take my son to school. |
| so that + S + won't/wouldn't | She saved money so that she wouldn't need a loan. |
- for + DANH TỪ thì đúng: I went there for an interview. for + V (for to find, for find) thì sai.
- Quá khứ: so that + could/would (She studied hard so that she could get a promotion).
- Trong Listening Part 3–4, câu hỏi 'Why did…?' / 'What was the purpose of…?' → nghe to / in order to / so that.
Lỗi người Việt hay mắc
✗ I learn English for find a better job.
✓ I learn English to find a better job.
Mục đích + động từ: to V (không dùng for + V).
✗ She works hard so that get a promotion.
✓ She works hard so that she can get a promotion.
so that + MỆNH ĐỀ (có chủ ngữ + can/will).
✗ He left early in order to not miss the bus.
✓ He left early in order not to miss the bus.
Phủ định: in order not to + V.
Ví dụ
Many students do an internship in order to gain work experience.
Nhiều sinh viên đi thực tập để có kinh nghiệm làm việc.
I work from home on Fridays so that I can spend more time with my family.
Tôi làm việc tại nhà vào thứ Sáu để có thể dành nhiều thời gian hơn cho gia đình.
The company offers free training so as to keep its best employees.
Công ty đào tạo miễn phí để giữ chân những nhân viên giỏi nhất.
She left home early in order not to be late for the interview.
Cô ấy rời nhà sớm để không bị muộn buổi phỏng vấn.